Research article    |    Open Access
International Journal of Language and Education Research 2026, Vol. 8(1) 202-227

Enhancing Academic Performance in EMI Context through Pedagogical Translanguaging: A Mixed Methods Study

Wahida Yaiche

pp. 202 - 227

Publish Date: April 30, 2026  |   Single/Total View: 0/0   |   Single/Total Download: 0/0


Abstract

Policymakers in Algeria sought to promote internationalization in higher education through implementing English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI). The pedagogical implications of EMI bumped into substantial obstacles, such as difficulties in teaching content subjects in English and the students’ limited proficiency in English. This paper investigates the utility of pedagogical translanguaging in teaching content subjects in English. To this aim, 90 undergraduate students who took content courses in English were nominated from the electrical engineering department at Naama University Center, Algeria. Students were randomly allocated to an EMI-only version of the course (the control group) or a multilingual version of the course (the experimental group). The performance of the students was assessed through final examinations specifically constructed to evaluate both content knowledge and accuracy of academic English usage. Moreover, the researcher conducted interviews with teachers to collect data on whether translanguaging helps students deepen conceptual understanding and communicate it accurately in English. The test results demonstrated that the experimental group students answered statistically more test questions correctly and produced clear written answers compared to students enrolled in the control group. Furthermore, the analysis of the teachers’ interviews revealed positive attitudes toward translanguaging. This study advocates for translanguaging practices to effectively address the students’ English language proficiency and support their linguistic diversity in the EMI setting for better academic performance.

Keywords: EMI, academic performance, translanguaging, multilingual education


How to Cite this Article?

APA 7th edition
Yaiche, W. (2026). Enhancing Academic Performance in EMI Context through Pedagogical Translanguaging: A Mixed Methods Study. International Journal of Language and Education Research, 8(1), 202-227.

Harvard
Yaiche, W. (2026). Enhancing Academic Performance in EMI Context through Pedagogical Translanguaging: A Mixed Methods Study. International Journal of Language and Education Research, 8(1), pp. 202-227.

Chicago 16th edition
Yaiche, Wahida (2026). "Enhancing Academic Performance in EMI Context through Pedagogical Translanguaging: A Mixed Methods Study". International Journal of Language and Education Research 8 (1):202-227.

References

    Adamson, J., & Coulson, D. (2015). Translanguaging in English academic writing preparation. International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning, 10(1), 24–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/22040552.2015.1084674

    Aizawa, I., Rose, H., Thompson, G., & Curle, S. (2023). Beyond the threshold: Exploring English language proficiency, linguistic challenges, and academic language skills of Japanese students in an English medium instruction programme. Language Teaching Research, 27(5), 837–861. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820965510

    Atas, U. (2023). Translanguaging in English-medium instruction (EMI): Examining English literature content classrooms. Turkish Journal of Education, 12(3), 142-157. https://doi.org/10.19128/turje.1210174

    Bälter, O., Kann, V., Mutimukwe, C., & Malmström, H. (2024). English-medium instruction and impact on academic performance: a randomized control study. Applied Linguistics Review, 15(6), 2373–2396. https://doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2022-0093

    Benhamlaoui, M., & Benzadri, Z. (2024). Attitudes of Algerian university teachers and students towards English as a medium of instruction: a comparative analysis with Arabic and French. Akofena, 12(3), 261-274.

    Bradford, A. (2016). Toward a typology of implementation challenges facing English-medium instruction in higher education. Journal of Studies in International Education, 20(4), 339–356. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315316647165

    Cenoz, J. (2017). Translanguaging in school contexts: International perspectives. Journal of Language, Identity and Education, 16(4), 193-198. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2017.1327816

    Curle, S., Jablonkai, R., Mittelmeier, J., Sahan, K., & Veitch, A. (2020). English Medium Part 1: Literature review. In N. Galloway (Ed.) English in higher education (Report No. 978 0-86355-977-8). British Council. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/english-highereducation-%E2%80%93-english-medium-part-1-literature-review

    Curle, S., Rose, H., & Yuksel, D. (2024). English medium instruction in emerging contexts: An editorial introduction to the special issue. System, 122, Article 103262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103262

    Dafouz, E., Camacho, M., & Urquía, E. (2014). ‘Surely they can’t do as well’: a comparison of business students’ academic performance in English-medium and Spanish-as-first-language-medium programmes. Language and Education, 28(3), 223-236. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2013.808661

    Dalton-Puffer, C. 2011. Content and language integrated learning: from practice to principles? Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 31, 182-204. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190511000092

    Douar, A. (2024). Implementing English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in Oran graduate school of economics. Applying full and partial immersion as a case study” educational administration: Theory and Practice, 30(9), 169 – 177. http://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i9.7598

    Galante, A. (2020). Pedagogical translanguaging in a multilingual English program in Canada: Student and teacher perspectives of challenges. System, 92, 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2020.102274

    García, O. (2014). Countering the dual: Transglossia, dynamic bilingualism and translanguaging in education. In R. Rubdy & L. Alsagoff (Eds.), The global-local interface, language choice and hybridity (pp. 100-118). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781783090860-007

    Genc, E., Yuksel, D., & Curle, S. (2023). Lecturers’ translanguaging practices in English taught lectures in Turkey. Journal of Multilingual Theories and Practices, 4(1), 8–31. https://doi.org/10.1558/jmtp.23945

    Gülle, T. (2024). English Medium Instruction in Higher Education: Global Trends, Challenges, and the Call for Multilingual Approaches. English Studies at NBU, 10(1), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.24.1.5

    Hamane, S. (2023). The changing landscape of language use in Algerian higher education: a comprehensive examination of advantages & changes to English medium instruction (EMI). Ziglôbitha, 7, 531-540.

    Kim, EG, Kweon, S-O & Kim, J (2017). Korean engineering students’ perceptions of English-medium instruction (EMI) and L1 use in EMI classes. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 38/2: pp. 130–145. DOI:10.1080/01434632.2016.1177061

    Macaro, E. (2015). English medium instruction: Time to start asking some difficult questions. Modern English Teacher, 24(2), 4–7. Retrieved from http://www.modernenglishteacher.com/media/5377/macaro.pdf

    Macaro, E. (2018). English medium instruction. London: Oxford University Press.

    Macaro, E. (2020). Exploring the Role of Language in English Medium Instruction. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 23 (3), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2019.1620678

    Macaro, E., Curle, S., Pun, J., An, J., & Dearden, J. (2018). A systematic review of English medium instruction in higher education. Language Teaching, 51(1), 36–76. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444817000350

    Mazak, C. M., & Herbas-Donoso, C. (2015). Translanguaging practices at a bilingual university: a case study of a science classroom. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 18(6), 698–714.

    Messeded, M. (2023). English as a medium of instruction in Algerian higher education: lecturers’ attitudes towards learning English in Blida 2 university. Afak for Sciences Journal, 8(5), 35-49.

    Ouarniki, O. (2023). Exploring teachers’ perspectives on the implementation of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in Algerian higher education institutions: challenges and opportunities. Afak for Sciences Journal, 8(5), 176-192.

    Pecorari, D., & Malmström, H. (2018). At the crossroads of TESOL and English medium instruction. TESOL Quarterly, 52(3), 497–515. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.470

    Pun, J. K., & Thomas, N. (2020).English medium instruction: Teachers’ challenges and coping strategies. ELT Journal, 74(3), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccaa024

    Rose, H., & McKinley, J. (2018). Japan’s English-medium instruction initiatives and the globalization of higher education. Higher Education, 75, 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-017-0125-1

    Sahan, K., & Rose, H. (2021). Problematising the E in EMI: translanguaging as a pedagogic alternative to English-only hegemony in university contexts. In D. Paulsrud, Z. Tian, & J. Toth (Eds.), English-medium instruction and translanguaging (pp. 1-14). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781788927338-005

    Senouci, S., & Gacem, M. (2024). English as a medium of instruction in the Algerian higher education: Issues and new avenues. Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 14(3), 186-200. https://doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v14i3.9261

    Touahmia, S., & Bakar, F. (2024). Attitudes of Algerian EMI and non-EMI lecturers and students toward English. Higher Learning Research Communications, 14(0), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.18870/hlrc.v14i0.1427

    Van Viegen, S. (2020). Translanguaging for and as learning with youth from refugee backgrounds. Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 3(1), 60–76. https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v3n1.300

    Wei, L. (2018). Translanguaging as a practical theory of language. Applied Linguistics, 39(1), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amx039